Recent research has also shown that when it comes to Nepali people's impressions of social change, "Poverty, Human Resources and Region" explain more of the variation than "Ethnicity, Caste or Religious belonging" i.e. There is a belief that people from the same Gotra descended from a common ancestor. [19] Education is free and open to all castes. They have been working in different fields. Sunil's father KB Chhetri officer retired from the EME Corps of the Indian Army. [2][3], Chhetri is considered a direct derivative of the Sanskrit word Kshatriya. Data is not as precise as it appears. Kashyap gotra, kaushik gotra, bhardwaj gotra, kaundinya gotra and more. For military and ruling class in Hinduism, see. This in turn will make them easier to be preserved since a tradition or a ritual only truly dies when no one remembers it. One of the most important Hindu festivals is the October Dashain or Durga Puja when the magnificence of Durga Kali in its ten-armed form is celebrated for two weeks. Chhetri. [20], Participation of Khas-Brahmins in the civil service is 41.3% in spite of its population size of 12.2%. Living in rural areas, Brahmans and Chhetri usually support Newar shopkeepers in their commercial activities. The surnames are Pade, Ghimire, Bogati, Budhathoki, Gartaula, Badal, Tiwari. The social values preached by the Muluki Ain, however, were providing restrictive, anachronic and out of step with the spirit of times. Garga is another excellent sage in Hindu mythology. In the times of unification of Nepal, Kshetris were more rigid to worship of ferocious forms of Godess Kali and Lord Shiva. We even met the owners of a butcher shop which is the domain of the lower caste declare belonging to a brahmana caste. The Nepali civil code Muluki Ain was commissioned by Jung Bahadur Rana after his European tour and enacted in 1854. In Nepal, people of different castes wear different sorts of jewellery and dresses of Nepal which are unique to themselves and differ from the other castes to distinguish themselves. Arjal. Sankhadhar Sakhwa (879 AD) philanthropist, related to Nepal Sambat. They often opposed each other. Although most Nepalese are Hindus, there are still a large number of Buddhists and Muslims. It is of due importance in the Hindu culture, especially concerning marriage- the system forbids people from the same Gotra from getting married. The Achut perform the most polluted tasks, such as cleaning bathrooms. The clothes are used according to their geographical belt in Nepal. Surnames in Mandabya gotra include Panthi, Bajgai, Gyawali, Maskey, Katuwal, Bajhai. Men meet then to make bets sometimes they pledge the rich jewelry of their wives and daughters, or their own homes. The mother and newborn baby are considered to be unclean until the eleventh day of the childs life. Cow and buffalo are privileged animals in this culture. Before we delve into the list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal, lets find out what each term means in Hindu culture. It is a common belief that from Rishis who were the children of Brahma, eight gotras emerged. [33] But they are allowed reservation in federal parliament and provincial legislature. The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. Dance is completed in Nepal with traditional, classical, and music. Acharya > Bahun > Kaudinya (Purbiya) 2. 19.9% of the total district population). He cursed Yama with mortality. Angira was a Vedic rishi known as the teacher of divine knowledge. They are considered the largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per the 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per the 2011 Nepal census. Kshetri do not consume pork like Rajputs which is a basis of cultural difference. Surnames like Shahi, Chand, Hamal, Sen, Sihan etc. These societies/ethnicities were: Khas/Parbatiya and Newars in the hills and Madhesis in the plains. After democracy in Nepal, Kshetris were still visible in the government especially dominating Panchayati government and still monopolizing military. Christianity is looked at as the "foreigners" religion. [1] Among them, the district with largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. One of the most excellent Rishis, according to Hindu sacred texts, is Kaundinya after whom the Gotra Kaudinya received its name. However, NLSS data suggest that there is a marked difference in the poverty status between Brahmin and Chhetri. Chhetri . This group presents a complicated social structure that not only reflects the model of four Hindu varna categories and the unclean castes outside of it, but it is also clearly divided among the upper and lower Buddhist castes. Or Hamal and Chhatyal are one and the same.All of these surnames are very similar to the surnames of the present day Thakuri. The Nepalese have many racial, cultural, and linguistic similarities to the people of northern India. The village affairs are managed by a formally or informally formed council of elders, in which Brahmini and Chhetri often play a significant role due to the status of landowners and relatively high education. Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced ; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. There were 12 Basnyats, 16 Pandes, 6 Thapas and 3 Kunwar officers totalling to 51 Chhetri officers in the year 1841 A.D.[19] The most prominent officers at Shah administration were the Kazis which had control over civil and military functions like a Minister and Military officer combined. Nepal is said to be a harmonious garden of 4 castes and 36 ethnicities. The caste system is still intact today but the rules are not as rigid as they were in the past. "Gautamavajra Vajrcrya, "Recently Discovered Inscriptions of Licchavi Nepal", "Caste ethnic and regional identity in Nepal: Further analysis of the 2006 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey", "How discriminatory was the first Muluki Ain against Dalits? Khas Chhetris were traditionally considered a division of the Khas people with Khas Brahmin (commonly called Khas Bahun). People from Vishwamitra/ Kaushika gotra use this word as a surname too. Caste, State, and Ethnic Boundaries in Nepal. Dieting rules for Kshetri were decided by Kshetri Birandala (brotherhood). Kshetris has second highest civil service representation with 19.59% of Nepal's bureaucracy after Bahuns while having 16% of Nepal's total population. The surname Khatri Chhetri in actual is the misinterpretation of the original name Katyuris Kshatriyas, which eventually changed a long time back . In 1963, a law (New Muluki Ain-1963) was passed making it illegal to discriminate against other castes led all castes to be equally treated by the law. They service the cutting and sale of chicken and goat meat, but they will not touch beef or buffalo meat, which they consider unclean. 117. Some are even specific to one specific subcaste of the surname. , Transliteration: Maawali ko thar jogaunu, Budamaawaliko ghar jogaunu. Gorkha-based aristocratic Chhetri families included the Pande dynasty, the Basnyat dynasty, the Kunwar family, and the Thapa dynasty, (Rana dynasty and other Kunwars). [1] In Nepal's hill districts the Chhetri population rises to 41% compared to 31% Brahmin and 27% other castes. [23] In terms of education, 88.0% of Khas Brahmins & Chhetris, and Newars have access to school, 12.0% have never been to school. December 11, 2022. Values for %Christian Adherent and %Evangelical (which determine unreached status) are often informed estimates, some more accurate than others. According to popular belief and various historical sources Sthiti Malla first codified the Newar caste system in the Nepal Arthasastra in the 14 th century. What Is your Surname? Agastya or Agasti is one of the Sapta Rishis in Vedic texts. The kitchen and living quarters are often located upstairs to keep them free of pollution by stray animals that might wander into the house. [3] On 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,[4] ending the period of the Hindu Kingdom. In front of the house and sometimes on the floor of the room inside the house wonderful colorful pictures are created with the help of colorful sand or dyed rice flour, colored beans and flower petals as an invitation to the holy deities to the house. [24], Chhetri had dominated high military positions and monopolized the military force at the times of Chhetri autocratic administrators like PM Bhimsen Thapa and PM Jung Bahadur Rana. Of these, 99.9% spoke Nepali and 0.1% other languages as their first language. They have played a more dominant role than have any other group in the formation of the modern Nepalese state. Another revered Rishi in Hindu mythology is Vatsa after whom Vatsa gotra emerged. 25 Feb/23. The Nepalese Chhetri are the major ethnic group in Nepal. Tools. We hope you found this list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal helpful. Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages). 12,114 and Muslim ranks the lowest, Rs.11,014'[22] The democratic transitions also failed to be inclusive management and functioning governance mainly because government was unable to understand and articulate the spirit of all Nepalese people irrespective of their caste, gender, ethnicity, and religion. Since the promulgation of the Muluki Ain (Legal Code) in 1854, the caste categorization in Nepal is taken as the primary organizing principle and the major determinant of social identity. Folk dance makes the dancers move his/her body as per his/her wish. The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. [16] The law also comprised Pryacitta (avoidance and removal of sin) and cra (the customary law of different castes and communities). Maharani Lalita Tripurasundari (nee Thapa). The above verse explains the duties, characters and behaviours of Kshatriya warrior. Different surnames in Angiras gotra are Joshi, Shahi, Sedhai. There are about 70 castes, Buddhist as well as Hindu, covering approximately the same spectrum as the caste system of India. It is said that the great king of Nepal Prithibhi Narayan Shah(1723-75) went to Banaras, India and changed his Gotra from 'Bharadwaj' to 'Kasyap' to remain free from the sin of 'Gotra Hatya'(killing of own clan) during unification of Nepal. The groom should be several years older than the bride. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. of Nepal and a New Constitution A Resource on the Situation of Dalits in Nepal, their Demands and the Implications for a new Constitution Compiled by: United Nations Development Programme Kathmandu, September 2008 UNDP Nepal UN House, Pulchowk G.P.O. That caused Kunwars to rise to power and all Kshetris were thrown of power. There are many different gotras among the Brahmin community in Nepal, and each gotra has its own set of customs and traditions. List of ethnic caste-groups in Nepal by population. In 2001 the CBS recorded only nine groups in the caste-origin Hill Hindu groups. Caste has been the central feature in Nepal to . ethnic identity, or the caste system in Nepal. Music, theater and fine arts have traditionally been the domain of other, usually lower, castes, and, with the exception of the educated residents of the cities, Brahmins and Chhetri are not interested in art. Kshetri are almost all Hindus as per 2011 Nepal census. This greatly exceeds the Kshatriya portion in most regions with predominantly Hindu populations. Khas Brahmins come next with an average income of Rs. After all Castes and surnames are Just a form of Identification. people's perception of their own social situation has more to do with geography and objective social class, than with their association with the groups that the state has based its internal social policy on. This custom was traditionally only prevalent in the three Indo Aryan societies of the Khas, Madhesi, and Newars. Madhusudan Subedi. Essentially, the people of the priestly caste do not eat meat, but this rule is not usually used in Nepal. While it is indeed slowly reducing, the process of removing discrimination is a long process. The Chhetri are divided into many descent groups with names variously associated with place-names in the Karnali region or representing occupations. [1], The Government of Nepal legally abolished the caste-system and criminalized any caste-based discrimination, including "untouchability" (the ostracism of a specific caste) - in 1963. It should be noted here that the Bahun-Chhetri who belong to Caucasian race have been the dominant ruling caste group in Nepal for the last two and half centuries (Bhattachan, Hemchuri, . They are Khas Chhetri, Brahmin and Newar Kshatriya. [10] It also solidified the supremacy of Kanyakubja Brahmin descendants like the Rajopadhyaya Brahmins over other priests like Maithil Brahmins. Similarly, the Janajati has 32.0% (excluding Newars) of the total population of the country, has representation of 7.1%. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. A lot of youths do not care about things such as caste. Their domestic and religious practices are also patterned after the higher Hindu castes of India. There are a few things that are a trade secret of your castes. Most surnames under Atreya Gotra includes Dawadi, Paudel, Rosyara, Sigdel, Sharma, Thapa, Bhatta, Duwadi, Aryal, Devkota, Dulal, Kalikote, Khadka, Pokharel. Worship to these deities were necessary before wars. It was rooted in traditional Hindu Law and codified social practices for several centuries in Nepal. [7] They make up 16.6% of Nepal's population according to the 2011 Nepal census, making them the most populous caste or ethnic community in Nepal. However, since the unification of Nepal in the 18th century, Nepal's various non-Hindu ethnic nationalities and tribes, previously called "Matwalis" (alcohol-drinkers) and now termed as "Adivasi/Janajati" (indigenous/nationalities), have been incorporated within the caste hierarchy to varying degrees of success. Profile. More than fifty (52.0%) of Hill Dalits, 47.0% of the Tarai Dalits, 48.0% of the Muslims and 30 percent of the Hill Adivasi Janajatis have never been to school. The legacy of parents passes only to the son. Contact: maya@lifeofus.net. Then many sacrificial rituals are performed, animal sacrifices are also made, people feast and visit their close and distant relatives. [8] This restructuring was a result of over a millennia of newer Aryan immigrants from the plains since the time of the Lichchavis. This is done to avoid confusion regarding the current reality of a people group, to fix grammar and spelling and to avoid potentially offensive wording. How many caste are there in Nepal? Some of these names are shared among Bahuns and Thakuris, indicating a common Khas origin among these higher castes.Examples of occupation-derived surnames are Adhikari ("official"), Khadka ("sword-bearer") and Kunwar ("prince"). It identifies people from a particular group, and it is a broader term which represents themfor example- Shrestha, Basnet, Luitel, Soni and so on. This stands true especially in this modern era where the distinction between them is getting blurred. New believers are considered off limits - the caste you do not mix with. Reply. Warriorhood, governance, administration, honesty and integrity has been linked to Kshetris. ", "History of Dalit movements in Nepal: Much has been achieved, but discrimination still exists". Goats, sheep and all variations and forms of them, are fully allowed. A young couple usually lives with the grooms family together with his parents, brothers and their wives and unmarried sisters. Narayanhiti Palace Museum. After the Rana regime, caste rules relating to food, drink and intercaste marriage were openly louted but the Muluki Ain had not been abrogated. Classical dance, which happened in Nepal, is completely based on ancient culture and is founded for a . All Brahmini and Chhetri are Hindu and profess most basic Hindu beliefs. [19], During the monarchy, Chhetris continued to dominate the ranks of the Nepalese government, Nepalese Army, Nepalese Police and administration. . It was an attempt to include the entire Hindu as well as non-Hindu population of Nepal of that time into a single hierarchic civic code from the perspective of the Khas rulers. The legal recognition to caste and all the discriminatory laws made on the grounds of caste were ceased. Caste is broader term used to represent certain group of people like - poudel, basnet, neupane, khadka, shrestha etc. Chhetri's Mother Sushila Chhetri played for the Nepal women's national team along with her twin sister. So lets make our world a better place and treat each other as humans and peers rather than people of castes. When this happens people will know how to perform each and every ritual of Nepal, regardless of the Castes. "Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination | DW | 16.06.2020", "Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom". Danmeeshwarbhavashcha Kshatram Karma Swabhvajam. The surnames under Kaushik gotra are Baniya, Thami, Phuyal, Luitel, Basnet, Budhathoki, Bistha, Basnet, Bidari, Dhungana, Dhital, Gaudel, Majhi, Pudaisini, Regmi, Sanjel, Sijapati, Dhital, Dhungana, Raghubansi, Rimal, Khadka, People with Gautam gotra have the following surnames, Dangal, Pandey, Tripathi, Chanda, Bam, Tiwari. This is a rather good thing as the caste-specific rituals and traditions will be enjoyed by all, and be spread all over Nepal. Newar lowest occupational castes Dom, Podhya, Chyamaha/Chandala, etc. Between 1951 and 1997, out of the 16 Prime Ministers of Nepal, 5 of them were Chhetris. Caste System: Theories and Practices in Nepal. Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later . Thus, while it may be true that today's Chhetri of Nepal branched off from the Khas, what has happened is that the descendants of the original Khas remained distinct, remote and deprived like other janajati groups of the country. In the court struggle for power, Pande Khalaks and Thapa Khalaks were fierce opponents. From now on as long as her husband is alive a married woman wears vermilion powder on her brocaded brocade. [13], The social structure of the caste-origin Madhesi Hindu groups is complex, reflecting four varna groups with distinct hierarchical structure within them. Often, however, also unrelated persons, including strangers, are entitled to the same terms. This form of Masto worship among the Khasas is apparently not related to any Vedic scriptures and tradition of the Gangetic plains of India, and seems more closer to pre-Buddhist Shamanistic Bon practice of Tibet. [21][22], The nobility of Gorkha were mainly from Chhetri families and they had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. [24], According to Professor Madhusudan Subedi, economic and political advancements have pushed the caste system to break its stagnancy and status quo. Sage Atreya made significant accomplishments as a scholar in Ayurveda. Then the cleansing ceremony is performed and the name is given. Kshetris served as rulers, administrators, governors and warriors as per their Occupational caste. Although they three have same surname, all of them are different. [1], As per the Public Service Commission of Nepal, Brahmins (33.3%) and Chhetris (20.01%) were two largest caste group to obtain governmental jobs in the fiscal year 201718, even though 45% governmental seats are reserved for women, Madhesis, lower caste and tribes, and other marginalized groups. The population of Khas-Chhetris constitutes 17.6% but its participation is mere 14.7%. km, stretching 800 km from east to west and from 90 to 230 km north to south. Here are some most common Nepali surnames - Adhikari, Poudel/Paudel,Bhatttarai,Nepal,Dahal,Regmi,Khanal,Ghimire,Pokharel,Magar,Shreshtha,Gurung,Rai. gelal caste in nepal gelal caste in nepal (No Ratings Yet) . Here is the most comprehensive list of Nepali surnames and titles of various ethnic groups of Nepal. Few Kshetri clans give male buffalo sacrifices on Maha Ashtami day. [32] As per the explanation of legal provisions of Constitution of Nepal, Khas Arya comprises the Brahmin, Kshetri, Thakur and Sanyasi (Dashnami) communities. They speak Newahi, a Tibeto-Burman language that has borrowed many words from Sanskrit, Maithili, and . Sometimes she also decides to fight for a higher position herself. The Bhardwaj gotra came from him. [6], According to 2011 Nepal census, Kshetri stands as the most populous group in Nepal with 16.6% of Nepal's population (or 43,98,053 peoples). [6] that marginalized the monarchy, and the Chhetri presence in the armed forces, police, and Government of Nepal. Thapa is an ancient Paikela (warrior) rank in the medieval Khasa Kingdom of Western Nepal. Gandhi arrived in Durban, Natal (now kwaZulu-Natal) Blue is the color of all-inclusiveness. Nepalese girls were traditionally married before they reached the age of ten. [28][29], Chhetris are largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per 2011 Nepal census. For example; Those having maternal clan as Khilchine Adhikari Chhetri cannot marry in the clan of Khilchine Adhikari Bahun as there is brotherhood between these clans. The population of India that is considered a member of the Brahmin caste according to the article "The Joshua project" is about 60,481,000 people. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Budhiganga Municipality had a population of 21,700. As the first line of our . Often the relationship is with a person from another village and usually the parents use the intermediary. The villages are generally situated near rivers or springs, and the homes are connected by footpaths. The villages consist of loosely grouped homes surrounded by farm land. 15,630, Dalit Rs. [1] Chhetris speak an Indo-Aryan Nepali language (Khas-Kura) as mother tongue. marrying others' wife, is not allowed. Among those 73.8% in higher education belong to the BCN, 22.0% Janajatis and 2.9% Dalit.[21]. Dashain and Tihar are primary festivals of Pahadi Hindu castes. Transliteration: Shauryam Tejo Dhritirdakshyam Yuddhe Chapyapalayanam. They have become major decision makers in the bureaucracy of Nepal has become crystal clear. Most of the Nepalese are farmers. People with the same Gotra are Sagotri in Hindu society. Populations are scaled to the current year. Master list of ALL Nepali Surnames/Clans (2023) - lixoti.com . Population: Approx. After finishing five months girls or seven boys it eats the first rice meal called pasni. [6] All of the Prime Minister of Nepal between 1768 and 1950 were Chhetris with the exception of Ranga Nath Poudyal, being a Brahmin. The Nepalese caste system was the traditional system of social stratification of Nepal. Most Kshetri families give goat sacrifices on either Maha Ashtami day or Maha Nawami day of Dashain festival. If we take it as nothing more than this, there is no reason to get offended. History JethaBuda Jaya Baniya JethaBuda Jaya Baniyawas a great warrior who played . One's caste traditionally determined the person's line of work, . It is said that there are the main 8 gotras evolved from the Rishis (sages) who were mind-born sons of Bramha, one of the Hindu Trinity. The majority of the Chhetri (99%) belong to the Hindu religious group while the remaining minority is Buddhists. 26 million with absent population of 1.9 million and growth rate of 1.35% per annum. The Facility will support two components: Component A and Component B. Baniya : A Chhetri Community of Nepal. [5]Kunwars claimed royalty and changed their surname to Rana (meaning: King) from Kunwar (meaning: Prince). In rare instances a representative photo may be used. Gotra means subdivisions of the castes represent more close relations of family. Gurung, H. (2005). Chhetri is Nepalese local colloquial term for Kshatriya. Forty-nine sub gotras originated from the eight main gotras. Sanskrit verse from Geeta explains the basis of ethics Kshetris have derived from: . Given below is a list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal: Courier/Cargo/Logistics Company in Kathmandu,Nepal, Best Ayurveda Hospitals/Clinics in Kathmandu,Nepal, Chauchau Recipes All You Need To Know About. The fact is that a vast majority of the Khas have never been Hinduised, let alone 'Chhetri-ised'. In terms of ethnicity/caste, 48.4% were Chhetri, 11.5% Kami, 11.4% Hill Brahmin, 7.3% Damai/Dholi, . If you want to get more content related to this tell us in the comment section below. [5] The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. A surname is the family name passed down from generation to generation. In urban areas, both castes have the privilege to serve government, political and financial industries. [6] The bulk of prime ministers of Nepal before the democratization of Nepal belonged to this caste as a result of the old Gorkhali aristocracy. Ask God to bless worship and intercession by Christians from other countries who come to prayer-walk in Nepal. Kshetri (Nepali: ) is considered a derivative form of the Sanskrit word Kshatriya. Basistha gotra came from Basistha rishi. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. Please. The most important part of the ceremony is kanyadan, the ritual of handing the bride over to the bridegroom in the hands of the groom. Then there are prayers for harvest and prosperity for a given year. All first-line cousins are titled with terms intended for siblings. Dalits and Labour in Nepal: Discrimination and Forced Labour. Ravens receive sweets and other delicacies in a gift, and pets decorate themselves with flower garlands. Answer (1 of 5): No surnames are pure Brahmins since they can easily get converted to other casts if they marry other than Brahmins as per Nepali culture or we might say as per Brahmins culture. Most houses have two or more stories. The source of Brahmin and Chhetrich income living in villages is cattle breeding and field cultivation. The present Thakuri and Raute Thakuri are a single caste. [30], Chhetri together with Bahun and thakuri falls under Khas Arya, who are denied quota and reservations in civil services and other sectors due to their history of socio-political dominance in Nepal. [1][12], Hierarchies of Major Caste/Ethnic Groups in Nepal according to Muluki Ain:[17][18], Terai Brahmin (referred in the code as Indian/Desi Brahmin) (no mention of Terai Kshatriya groups), Gurkha clans - Gurung, Magar, Kirat (Rai and Limbu). Reply. On-the-ground reality may vary from what is presented here. The term gotra refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. Prayer is the key to reaching the Nepalese with the Gospel. Also, girls go through puberty rites and boys go through initiations known as "sacred thread ceremonies." Between India & Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Here's an article on gotra list with surnames in Nepal. Historically, the caste system justified the subjugation of lower castes, allowing upper-caste Nepalis to use their status to gain security and power. Lixoti Nepalese boys may have their middle names like Prasad, Bahadur, Maan, Kumar, Ratna, Mani, etc. Historically, Kshetri has been part of the some of the powerful Pahari empires as Khas Empire and Gorkha Empire. [5], The ancient tribes living around the northern territory of modern Nepal seem to have been less influenced by the fourfold Varna system of Hinduism.